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Additives Directory

A reference for E-numbers and food additives: what they are, where they appear, and how they are regulated.

E102 Color

Tartrazine

A synthetic yellow azo dye used to color food and drinks.

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E150d Color

Sulphite ammonia caramel

A 'Class IV' caramel color produced with sulphite and ammonia compounds.

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E160a Color

Beta-carotene

An orange pigment from plants that the body converts into vitamin A.

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E171 Color

Titanium dioxide

A white mineral pigment used as a colorant and opacifier.

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E202 Preservative

Potassium sorbate

The potassium salt of sorbic acid, used to inhibit mold and yeast.

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E211 Preservative

Sodium benzoate

The sodium salt of benzoic acid, effective in acidic foods and drinks.

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E220 Preservative

Sulphur dioxide

A gaseous preservative used to prevent browning and microbial growth.

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E250 Preservative

Sodium nitrite

A curing salt that gives cured meats their pink color and inhibits Clostridium botulinum.

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E300 Antioxidant

Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)

Vitamin C, used both as a nutrient and as a food antioxidant.

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E322 Emulsifier

Lecithin

A group of phospholipids that act as natural emulsifiers.

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E330 Acidity regulator

Citric acid

An organic acid that gives citrus fruit its tartness, used to adjust pH and flavor.

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E407 Thickener / Gelling

Carrageenan

A polysaccharide extracted from red seaweed, used to thicken and stabilize.

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E415 Thickener / Gelling

Xanthan gum

A polysaccharide produced by bacterial fermentation, used as a thickener and stabilizer.

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E471 Emulsifier

Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids

Partial glycerides of fatty acids, the most widely used emulsifier in the food industry.

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E621 Flavor enhancer

Monosodium glutamate (MSG)

The sodium salt of glutamic acid, used to add savory umami flavor.

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E951 Sweetener

Aspartame

A low-calorie artificial sweetener made from two amino acids.

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E955 Sweetener

Sucralose

A heat-stable artificial sweetener about 600 times sweeter than sugar.

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Information is sourced from public regulatory bodies (EFSA, FDA, WHO) and is for reference only. Always read the package and consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.